kulawrKutafin Law ReviewKutafin Law Review2713-05252713-0533MSAL10.17803/2713-0525.2022.3.21.437-465kulawr-175Research ArticleNOVELTIES IN THE NATIONAL LEGISLATIONThe Employee’s Right to Privacy Transformation: Digitalization Challengeshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7444-9690SerovaA. V.

Alena V. Serova, Cand. Sci. (Law)

21 Komsomolskaya ulitsa, Yekaterinburg 620137

a.v.serova@icloud.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3111-257XShcherbakovaO. V.

Olesya V. Shcherbakova, Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor

21 Komsomolskaya ulitsa, Yekaterinburg 620137

sm-light@yandex.ruYakovlev Ural State Law UniversityRussian Federation20220510202293437465Copyright © Serova A.V., Shcherbakova O.V., 20222022Serova A.V., Shcherbakova O.V.Serova A.V., Shcherbakova O.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://kulawr.msal.ru/jour/article/view/175

The development of digital technologies applied for electronic monitoring of employees, artificial intelligence systems and transition to remote employment have naturally lead to a change in the content of the employee’s right to privacy. The lack of generally binding international labor standards in the mentioned sphere creates prerequisites for the increasing role of local regulation and legitimation of judicial practice. The authors come to the conclusion that at the legislative level, not only the monitoring over the employee’s performance of labor functions, but also the process of dissemination and use of the data obtained in order to make other personnel decisions should be limited. The purpose of this research is to substantiate the assertion that in the context of digitalization it becomes necessary to consider the right of an employee to privacy as one of the fundamental principles of the legal regulation of labor relations.

digitalizationinviolabilityprivacypersonal datamonitoringlabor protectionemploymentartificial intelligenceremote workReferencesAlder, G., (1998). Ethical Issues in Electronic Performance Monitoring: A Consideration of Deontological and Teleological Perspectives. Journal of Business Ethics, 17, pp. 729–743, doi.org/10.1023/A:1005776615072.Alder, G., (1998). Ethical Issues in Electronic Performance Monitoring: A Consideration of Deontological and Teleological Perspectives. Journal of Business Ethics, 17, pp. 729–743, doi.org/10.1023/A:1005776615072.Arroyo-Abad, C., (2021). Teleworking: A New Reality Conditioned by the Right to Privacy. Laws, 10 (3), 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/laws10030064.Arroyo-Abad, C., (2021). Teleworking: A New Reality Conditioned by the Right to Privacy. Laws, 10 (3), 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/laws10030064.Ball, K., Daniel, El., and Stride, Cr., (2013). Dimensions ofemployee privacy: An empirical study. Information Technology & People, 25(4), pp. 376–394. https://doi.org/10.1108/09593841211278785.Ball, K., Daniel, El., and Stride, Cr., (2013). Dimensions ofemployee privacy: An empirical study. Information Technology & People, 25(4), pp. 376–394. https://doi.org/10.1108/09593841211278785.Bhave, D., Teo, L., and Dalal, R., (2020). Privacy at Work: A Review and a Research Agenda for a Contested Terrain. Journal of Management, 469(1), pp. 127–164. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206319878254.Bhave, D., Teo, L., and Dalal, R., (2020). Privacy at Work: A Review and a Research Agenda for a Contested Terrain. Journal of Management, 469(1), pp. 127–164. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206319878254.Collins, P. and Marassi, S., (2021). Is that Lawful? Data Privacyand Fitness Trackers in the Workplace. International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations, 17(1), pp. 65–94. htpps://doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2021003.Collins, P. and Marassi, S., (2021). Is that Lawful? Data Privacyand Fitness Trackers in the Workplace. International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations, 17(1), pp. 65–94. htpps://doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2021003.Danilovic, E., (2017). The right to privacy at work. Anali Pravnog fakulteta u Beogradu, 65(2), pp. 162–182. htpps://doi.org/10.5937/AnaliPFB1702162D. (In Serb.).Danilovic, E., (2017). The right to privacy at work. Anali Pravnog fakulteta u Beogradu, 65(2), pp. 162–182. htpps://doi.org/10.5937/AnaliPFB1702162D. (In Serb.).Gavison, R., (1980). Privacy and the limits of law. The Yale Law Journal, 89(3), pp. 421–471. https://doi.org/10.2307/795891.Gavison, R., (1980). Privacy and the limits of law. The Yale Law Journal, 89(3), pp. 421–471. https://doi.org/10.2307/795891.Heilweil, R., (2020). Illinois says you should know if AI is gradingyour online job interviews. Vox Journal. (1 Jan). Available at: https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/1/1/21043000/artificial-intelligence-jobapplications-illinios-video-interivew-act [Accessed 17.08.2022].Heilweil, R., (2020). Illinois says you should know if AI is gradingyour online job interviews. Vox Journal. (1 Jan). Available at: https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/1/1/21043000/artificial-intelligence-jobapplications-illinios-video-interivew-act [Accessed 17.08.2022].Jeflea, F.V., Danciulescu, D., Sitnikov, C.S., Filipeanu, D., Park, J.O., and Tugui, A., (2022). Societal Technological Megatrends: A Bibliometric Analysis from 1982 to 2021. Sustainability, 14(3), 1543. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031543.Jeflea, F.V., Danciulescu, D., Sitnikov, C.S., Filipeanu, D., Park, J.O., and Tugui, A., (2022). Societal Technological Megatrends: A Bibliometric Analysis from 1982 to 2021. Sustainability, 14(3), 1543. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031543.Kallio, J., Vildjiounaite, E., Kantorovitch, J., Kinnula, A., andBordallo López, M., (2021). Unobtrusive Continuous Stress Detection in Knowledge Work — Statistical Analysis on User Acceptance. Sustainability, 13(4), 2003. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13042003.Kallio, J., Vildjiounaite, E., Kantorovitch, J., Kinnula, A., andBordallo López, M., (2021). Unobtrusive Continuous Stress Detection in Knowledge Work — Statistical Analysis on User Acceptance. Sustainability, 13(4), 2003. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13042003.Kovač-Orlandić, M., (2020). Employee’s right to privacy: Where is the bound of the employer’s right to monitor employees’ communications. Strani Pravni Zivot, 4, pp. 85–99. https://doi.org/10.5937/spz64-29470.Kovač-Orlandić, M., (2020). Employee’s right to privacy: Where is the bound of the employer’s right to monitor employees’ communications. Strani Pravni Zivot, 4, pp. 85–99. https://doi.org/10.5937/spz64-29470.Kulagina A.V., (2022). Russian practice of applying noncompetition agreements. Voprosy rossiyskoy yustitsii, 19, pp. 345–358. (In Russ.).Kulagina A.V., (2022). Russian practice of applying noncompetition agreements. Voprosy rossiyskoy yustitsii, 19, pp. 345–358. (In Russ.).Malomane, R., Musonda, I., and Okoro, C.S., (2022). The Opportunities and Challenges Associated with the Implementation of Fourth Industrial Revolution Technologies to Manage Health and Safety. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19(2), 846. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020846.Malomane, R., Musonda, I., and Okoro, C.S., (2022). The Opportunities and Challenges Associated with the Implementation of Fourth Industrial Revolution Technologies to Manage Health and Safety. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19(2), 846. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020846.Newman, L.H., (2015). Sales Exec Says She Was Fired for Uninstalling GPS App That Tracked Her Constantly. Available at: https://slate.com/technology/2015/05/intermex-employee-says-she-was-firedfor-deleting-xora-gps-apps.html [Accessed 20.02.2022].Newman, L.H., (2015). Sales Exec Says She Was Fired for Uninstalling GPS App That Tracked Her Constantly. Available at: https://slate.com/technology/2015/05/intermex-employee-says-she-was-firedfor-deleting-xora-gps-apps.html [Accessed 20.02.2022].Romero, D., Mattsson, S., Fast-Berglund, A., Wuest, Th., Gorecky, D., et al., (2018). Digitalizing Occupational Health, Safety and Productivity for the Operator 4.0. IFIP International Conference on Advances in Production Management Systems (APMS), Seoul, South Korea. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327230622_Digitalizing_Occupational_Health_Safety_and_Productivity_for_the_Operator_40 [Accessed 20.02.2022].Romero, D., Mattsson, S., Fast-Berglund, A., Wuest, Th., Gorecky, D., et al., (2018). Digitalizing Occupational Health, Safety and Productivity for the Operator 4.0. IFIP International Conference on Advances in Production Management Systems (APMS), Seoul, South Korea. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327230622_Digitalizing_Occupational_Health_Safety_and_Productivity_for_the_Operator_40 [Accessed 20.02.2022].Schmitz, P.W., (2005). Workplace surveillance, privacy protection, and efficiency wages. Labour Economics, 12(6), pp. 727–738.Schmitz, P.W., (2005). Workplace surveillance, privacy protection, and efficiency wages. Labour Economics, 12(6), pp. 727–738.Shcherbakova, O., (2021). The use of artificial intelligence programs when recruiting employees. Digital application. Rossiiskij yuridicheskij zhurnal 3, pp. 72–76. http://doi.org/10.34076/22196838_2021_3_72 [Accessed 10.09.2022]. (In Russ.).Shcherbakova, O., (2021). The use of artificial intelligence programs when recruiting employees. Digital application. Rossiiskij yuridicheskij zhurnal 3, pp. 72–76. http://doi.org/10.34076/22196838_2021_3_72 [Accessed 10.09.2022]. (In Russ.).Suder, S. and Siibak, A., (2022). Proportionate response to the COVID-19 threat? Use of apps and other technologies for monitoring employees under the European Union’s data protection framework. Special Issue: COVID-19 and the world of work (Part II), 161(2), pp. 315–335.Suder, S. and Siibak, A., (2022). Proportionate response to the COVID-19 threat? Use of apps and other technologies for monitoring employees under the European Union’s data protection framework. Special Issue: COVID-19 and the world of work (Part II), 161(2), pp. 315–335.Sulyok, M., (2009). Constructing an Employee’s Right to Workplace Privacy. ZIAS — Zeitschrift für auslandisches und internationales Arbeits- und Sozialrecht, 3, pp. 206–230.Sulyok, M., (2009). Constructing an Employee’s Right to Workplace Privacy. ZIAS — Zeitschrift für auslandisches und internationales Arbeits- und Sozialrecht, 3, pp. 206–230.Sundstrom, E., Burt, R., and Kamp, D., (2017). Privacy at work: Architectural correlates of job satisfaction and job performance. Academy of Management Journal, 23, pp. 101–117.Sundstrom, E., Burt, R., and Kamp, D., (2017). Privacy at work: Architectural correlates of job satisfaction and job performance. Academy of Management Journal, 23, pp. 101–117.Sychenko, E., (2015). Wiretapping of the work phone, search of work premises and video surveillance of an employee: the practice of the European Court of Human Rights. Administrative law, 1, pp. 89–94. (In Russ.).Sychenko, E., (2015). Wiretapping of the work phone, search of work premises and video surveillance of an employee: the practice of the European Court of Human Rights. Administrative law, 1, pp. 89–94. (In Russ.).Teebken, M. and Hess, M., (2021). Privacy in a Digitized Workplace: Towards an Understanding of Employee Privacy Concerns. HICSS. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348430699_Privacy_in_a_Digitized_Workplace_Towards_an_Understanding_of_Employee_Privacy_Concerns [Accessed 20.02.2022].Teebken, M. and Hess, M., (2021). Privacy in a Digitized Workplace: Towards an Understanding of Employee Privacy Concerns. HICSS. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348430699_Privacy_in_a_Digitized_Workplace_Towards_an_Understanding_of_Employee_Privacy_Concerns [Accessed 20.02.2022].Wehner, C., Grip, A., and Pfeifer, P., (2022). Do recruiters select workers with different personality traits for different tasks? A discrete choice experiment. Labour Economics 78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2022.102186.Wehner, C., Grip, A., and Pfeifer, P., (2022). Do recruiters select workers with different personality traits for different tasks? A discrete choice experiment. Labour Economics 78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2022.102186.Xiaojia Zheng, Yunfei Yang, and Yanyan Shen, (2022). Laborprotection, information disclosure and analyst forecasts: Evidence from China’s Labor Contract Law. China Journal of Accounting Research, 15 (3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjar.2022.100251.Xiaojia Zheng, Yunfei Yang, and Yanyan Shen, (2022). Laborprotection, information disclosure and analyst forecasts: Evidence from China’s Labor Contract Law. China Journal of Accounting Research, 15 (3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjar.2022.100251.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.