kulawrKutafin Law ReviewKutafin Law Review2713-05252713-0533MSAL10.17803/2713-0525.2022.3.21.544-563kulawr-179Research ArticleCOMPARATIVE LEGAL STUDIESPeculiarities of a Polygraph Examiner’s Report in a Criminal Case in Russia and the United StatesKomissarovaYa. V.

Yaroslava V. Komissarova, Associate Professor of the Criminalistics Department in the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), Editor-in-chief of the Federal science-practice journal “Forensics analyst” (Moscow, Russia), PhD, docent, Member of the British and European Association of Polygraph Examiners, Honorary member of the Eurasian Association of Polygraph Examiners

Moscow

a5143836@yandex.ruDanilevichN. K.

Nadia K. Danilevich, freelance expert, self-employed polygraph examiner 

danilevich778@yandex.ruKutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)Russian Federation20220510202293544563Copyright © Komissarova Y.V., Danilevich N.K., 20222022Komissarova Y.V., Danilevich N.K.Komissarova Y.V., Danilevich N.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://kulawr.msal.ru/jour/article/view/179

From a legal standpoint, the pr ocess of investigating crimes and the order of proceedings in a criminal case differ in different countries. However, there are points of convergence where the differences in legal systems are not so important. In the modern world, Latin proverb Jura novit curia postulates that judges cannot and should not have knowledge from other sciences. Therefore, lawyers of all countries use the help of persons with special (non-legal) knowledge. In Russia, only an investigator or a judge can appoint an expert examination to obtain an expert opinion. An accused and defense attorneys (mostly professional lawyers) can get an expert opinion. The procedural statuses of a specialist and an expert under the Russian procedural law do not coincide. However, the reports they provide are formally equivalent and they both can be used as evidence in a legal case. Having no special knowledge, the judge evaluates the conclusions made by the specialist and the expert. The judge can regard one conclusion as a proof, can accept or reject them. The specialist and the expert are obliged to make conclusions based on the results of the study within their competence. Polygraph examiners in the United States and Russia address this issue in different ways due to different approaches to the development of theoretical and applied areas of scientific research.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.