kulawrKutafin Law ReviewKutafin Law Review2713-05252713-0533MSAL10.17803/2713-0533.2024.2.28.180-198kulawr-270Research ArticleBIOETHICSBioethics: Epistemic Capabilities and Legal Frameworkshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5942-3732PrzhilenskiyVladimir I.

Vladimir I. Przhilenskiy, Dr. Sci. (Philosophy), Professor, Department of Philosophic and Socio-Economic Disciplines,

Moscow.

vladprnow@mail.ruKutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)Russian Federation202406072024112180198Copyright © Przhilenskiy V.I., 20242024Przhilenskiy V.I.Przhilenskiy V.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://kulawr.msal.ru/jour/article/view/270

The paper examines the problem of the binary nature of bioethics as both a field of scientific research and a social institution designed to deal with administrative and legal regulation of medical and research activities in the field of biomedical technologies. Regarding the epistemic capacity of bioethics, the author defines its relationship with both philosophical concepts and the latest advances in the life sciences, anthropology, and sociology. This relationship is not just a theory, but can be applied to biomedical technologies. When considering the institutional status of bioethics, the author focuses on the difference in bioethical traditions formed in North and South America, Europe and Asia under the influence of administrative, legal, economic, philosophical and cultural factors. The paper discusses arguments of two main approaches to the formation of principles and norms of bioethics, one of which can be called universalist and globalist, and the second — civilizational-pluralistic. The author considers the main function of bioethics, the organization of ethical expertise to authorize problematic solutions included in research programs, projects of technological and pharmacological innovations, and medical practices. The author discusses validity of the proposal to define ethical expertise as a type of humanitarian expertise, as well as alternative points of view.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.