The paper presents a comprehensive study of the role of the administrative-legal mechanism in countering corruption within the system of public-law protection of the internal state sovereignty of the Russian Federation. At present, the issues of combating corruption in public administration remain highly relevant and require further research from the perspectives of various legal disciplines. Today, different mechanisms for countering corruption are recognized in the contexts of constitutional law, criminal law, administrative law, civil law, international law, etc. However, the authors argue that in the face of new challenges and threats, the administrative-legal mechanism for countering corruption holds a central role in ensuring the internal state sovereignty of the Russian Federation. It not only predominates among legal mechanisms for preventing corrupt practices within state institutions, but also establishes the necessary conditions for public authorities to successfully carry out the tasks and functions assigned to them to strengthen Russian statehood. The study substantiates the conclusion that the administrative-legal anti-corruption mechanism is most clearly manifested in specialized anti-corruption management forms and methods employed by specially authorized public authorities and officials. The authors emphasize the need for further refinement of this mechanism through a qualitative transformation of anti-corruption forms and methods at both the federal and regional levels of the Russian Federation. Special attention is given to the inherent connection between the administrative-legal anti-corruption mechanism and the public law protection of Russia’s internal state sovereignty. It is impossible to achieve an adequate level of legal protection of national sovereignty under public law without effective functioning of this mechanism.