kulawrKutafin Law ReviewKutafin Law Review2713-05252713-0533MSAL10.17803/2713-0533.2026.3.37.559-584kulawr-957Research ArticleCOMPARATIVE LEGAL PERSPECTIVES ON HUMAN RIGHTSLegal Regulation of Diagnostic Technologies in the Sphere of Human Reproduction: the Balance of Ethics and Lawhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4805-3083RybakovO. Yu.

Oleg Yu. Rybakov, Dr. Sci. (Law), Dr. Sci. (Philosophy), Professor, Head of the Philosophy and Sociology Department

Moscow

ryb.oleg13@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7017-3239DorodonovaN. V.

Nataliya V. Dorodonova , Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor, Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law

Moscow

nvdorodonova@msal.ruRybakovaO. S.

Olga S. Rybakova, Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor, Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law

Moscow

osrybakova@msal.ruKutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)Russian Federation202610102026133559584Copyright © Rybakov O.Y., Dorodonova N.V., Rybakova O.S., 20262026Rybakov O.Y., Dorodonova N.V., Rybakova O.S.Rybakov O.Y., Dorodonova N.V., Rybakova O.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://kulawr.msal.ru/jour/article/view/957

The article analyzes the legal regulation of diagnostic technologies in human reproduction, focusing on non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT). It examines the ethical and legal dilemmas arising from the introduction of this technology, including the balance between reproductive autonomy and non-directive counseling, the problem of “wrongful birth” and “wrongful life,” and the risks of eugenic selection and discrimination against persons with disabilities. Through a com-parative legal analysis of the regulatory frameworks in the Russian Federation and some foreign countries, the study identifies distinct national models for balancing ethical principles and legal imperatives. The article highlights the progressive steps taken by the Russian Federation in providing accessible reproductive care, such as the inclusion of NIPT in state guarantees. The purpose of this article is to systematically evaluate the ethical-legal nexus of diagnostic reproductive technologies and to substantiate doctrinally sound pathways for enhancing national regulatory frameworks without compromising sovereign constitutional values. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.