Genetic Ombudsman: The Need for and Concept of Functioning in terms of New Measures of Legal Freedom
https://doi.org/10.17803/2313-5395.2022.1.19.099-118
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to describe the need for establishment of the institution entitled “genetic ombudsman” — a new body in the field of human rights protection — in the Russian Federation. The paper addresses the following issues: (1) the role of the ombudsman as an institution acting as a guarantor of democratic freedoms and the value of human life; (2) historical development and the process of becoming the ombudsman; (3) the need to create the institution of the genetic ombudsman during the era of Industry 4.0 (digital society); (4) factors that influence the society’s demand for the establishment of the aforementioned institution; (5) the main goals and objectives of the genetic ombudsman (legal, economic, medical). This research allowed for the possibility not only to highlight the importance of the genetic ombudsman in the context of the political and legal reality but also to identify existing gaps in the normative regulation. In this article, based on the key provisions of the theory of competence, the author attempted to conceptualize the activities of the genetic ombudsman, describe characteristics of this institution, and summarize areas for further research. In the course of this study, logical, comparative legal and formal methods were used.
Keywords
genetic ombudsman,
genetic education,
actors,
information,
Industry 4.0,
digital transformation,
genomic technologies,
freedom,
interdisciplinarity
Supporting agencies: Supported by the Russian Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Topic: Legal Regulation of Accelerated Development of Genetic Technologies: Research and Methodology Framework; No 730000Ф.99.1.БВ16АА02001).
About the Author
M. V. Voronin
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Maksim V. Voronin, Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor
1 stroenie 13 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991
References
1. Agafonov, V.B., Belousov, D.Yu., and Vypkhanova, G.V., (2022). Genetic technologies. Mokhov, A.A., ed. LLC “Law Firm Contract” (In Russ.).
2. Council of Europe. Protection, Promotion and Development of the Ombudsman Institution, (2020). Moscow: Delovoy Stil’. Pp. 9–11. Available at: https://rm.coe.int/protection-promotion-and-development-of-the-ombudsman-institution/1680a066c6. [Accessed 15.01.2022] (In Russ.).
3. Gil-Robles, A., (2004). Parliamentary control of the administration (The ombudsman). Moscow School of Political Studies.
4. Protopopova, N.I., (2008). Dialectics of the category of “interest” at the stage of formation of bourgeois socio-economic relations in Europe. Vestnik of TGU, 2(58), pp. 11–21 (In Russ.).
5. Rasheva, N.Yu. and Gomonov, N.D, (2006). The value of law in the context of the value system of modern Russian society. Vestnik of MSTU, 9(1), pp. 172–181 (In Russ.).
6. REC Digital Education, (2021). Genetics and Law: The Challenges of Time 2020–2030: Young legislators of the Chamber of Young Legislators discussed questions of legal regulation of genetic technologies. Available at: http://digital-edu-center.law.msu.ru/tpost/uhu22936u1-kruglii-stol-genetika-i-pravo-vizovi-vre [Accessed 15.01.2022] (In Russ.).
7. Sinyukov, V.N. and Mokhov, A.A., (2021). Law and resistance of pandemic: opportunities and prospects. Moscow: Prospekt (In Russ.).
8. Suvorova, E.I., (2019). The use of genetic information in insurance. Zakon i Pravo, 9, pp. 37–43 (In Russ.).
9. The Chamber of Young Legislators under the Federation Council, (2021). Genetics and Law: The Challenges of Time 2020–2030: Young legislators of the Chamber of Young Legislators discussed some issues of legal regulation of genetic technologies. Available at: https://pmzsf.ru/news/genetika-i-pravo-vyzov-vremeni-2020-2030-molodye-parlamentarii-pmz-obsudili-voprosy-pravovogo-reguli.html [Accessed 15.01.2022] (In Russ.).
10. Tikhomirov, Yu.A., (2001). Theory of expertise. Yurinformcenter (In Russ.).
11. Trifonov, S.G., (2020). Constitutional and Legal Institute of the Regional Ombudsman, its Features, and Types in Modern States. Scientific notes of Crimean Federal University of V.I. Vernadsky. Legal sciences, 6(72), pp. 118–125 (In Russ.).
12. Voronin, M.V. and Sakhipgareeva, A.R., (2021). Activities of actors of genetic and legal education: Theory and practice. Moscow University Bulletin. Series: Law, 6 (In Russ.).
13. Voronin, M.V., (2016). Foundations and manifestations of law. Moscow: Urlitinform (In Russ.).
14. Voronin, M.V., (2019). Genomic research as an example of the transformation of the measure of law in a legally significant behavior. Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), 4, pp. 152-159, https://doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2019.56.4.152-159 (In Russ.).
15. Voronin, M.V., (2020). Measure of freedom within data use of genetic information. The Legislation, 12, pp. 16–21 (In Russ.).
Review
For citations:
Voronin M.V. Genetic Ombudsman: The Need for and Concept of Functioning in terms of New Measures of Legal Freedom. Kutafin Law Review. 2022;9(1):99-118. https://doi.org/10.17803/2313-5395.2022.1.19.099-118
Views:
314
Email this article 
